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2001-2004 Focus:• Cold regions engineering• High-latitude environmentalcontaminants• Environmental physiology

2004-2007 Phase II focused on: • Cold regions engineering • Environmental physiology • Arctic population genetics

2007-2012 Phase III focused on resilience and vulnerability of northern environments through disciplinary components linked by an interdisciplinary Integration Core: • Physical Science • Biology • Social Science

2012-2018 Phase IV, “Alaskan Adapting to Changing Environments (Alaska ACE),” focused on the adaptation of Alaskan communities to landscape and hydrologic change and consisted of regional components linked by a statewide coordinating group: • The Southeast Test Case • The Southcentral Test Case • The Northern Test Case

2018-2023 Phase V, “Fire and Ice,” focuses on two crucial Alaskan ecosystems undergoing change: • A Boreal Fires Team studies changes to fire risk and behavior in Alaska’s boreal forest. • A Coastal Margins team examines changes to nearshore